BY DR NICKY THOMAS, WYNNUM MANLY VETERINARY HOSPITAL
Rodenticides are poisons designed to kill mice and rats, but they are just as dangerous for dogs and cats. Dogs and cats may be exposed to rodenticides through direct ingestion of the products or through ingestion of poisoned rats and mice.
Clinical signs of rodenticide intoxication
There are several different rodenticides available on the market. The most commonly used products work by stopping the blood from clotting. Internal bleeding occurs with signs including:
- Lethargy or weakness
- Pale gums
- Bruising or bleeding from the mouth, nose, anus, or in the faeces
- Coughing due to bleeding into the chest
- Collapse or sudden death
Other products may interfere with Vitamin D levels, resulting in increased calcium in the blood, which can lead to kidney failure. Meanwhile, others may affect the nervous system, causing muscle tremors, twitching, or seizures.
What should you do if you suspect your pet has ingested rodenticide?
If you see your pet eating or suspect your pet has eaten rodenticide, you should ring your local veterinarian or emergency centre and present your pet for treatment as soon as possible.
If you have the packaging, you should show it to your vet so that they can determine the treatment required.
If ingestion is recent, your vet will likely induce vomiting in your pet to remove the material from their digestive system. In cases of suspected bleeding, your vet may run a blood test to check clotting times.
Treatment will vary depending on the type of rodenticide.
Preventing rodenticide ingestion
- Avoid using rodenticide
- Use live traps or ultrasonic deterrents
- Ask pest control services about safe alternatives
- Supervise pets in new environments, around sheds, farms, and garages
Secondary poisoning (through ingestion of poisoned rodents) is very rare and would require your pet to eat a large number of rats or mice. Removing deceased rodents from the environment as soon as they are found can reduce the risk of secondary exposure.
